Travel to Machu Picchu

The complete Guide to Visiting Peru's Ancient Wonder

If you're planning a trip to Peru, Machu Picchu is likely at the top of your list — and for good reason. No trip to Peru is complete without visiting the impressive Inca Citadel Machu Picchu. Machu Picchu (“Old Mountain” in the Inca language Quechua”) was never discovered by the Spanish conquistadors and so was never destroyed, which is why it’s one of the most important Incan ruins.

All about Machu Picchu

The mystical Inca citadel, perched high in the Andes Mountains, is one of the most iconic and awe-inspiring destinations that continues to captivate travelers worldwide.

In this guide, you’ll find everything you need to know to visit Machu Picchu: how to get there, when to go, what to expect, where it is, what to bring etc. Whether you're looking for tours to Machu Picchu, you are planning to hike to Machu Picchu, or just want to learn more about this ancient site, we’ve got you covered. Information about the recently implemented entrance tickets with circuits is included.

What Is Machu Picchu?

Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca city located 2,430 meters (7,970 feet) above sea level in southern Peru. It was built by the Inca emperor Pachacuti and later abandoned during the Spanish conquest. Hidden by dense jungle for centuries, the site was reintroduced to the world in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham.

Today, Machu Picchu is one of the New Seven Wonders of the World and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, drawing millions of visitors each year. The ruins are famous for their sophisticated dry-stone architecture, astronomical alignments, and breathtaking views of the surrounding Sacred Valley.

Where is Machu Picchu located

Machu Picchu is located 80 km (50 miles) northwest of Cusco at an altitude of 2,430 meters (7,970 ft.), 450 meters (1,480 ft.) up from the Urubamba River, which surrounds the site on three sides.

How to Get to Machu Picchu

Tours to Machu Picchu start in Cusco, the historical capital of the Inca Empire. From Cusco, there are two main ways to reach Machu Picchu:

• Travel from Cusco (or nearby towns like Poroy or Ollantaytambo) to Aguas Calientes, the town at the base of Machu Picchu (see more below). Trains are operated by PeruRail and Inca Rail and range from budget to luxury options like the Expedition train (the standard tourist train), the Vistadome (a Panorama train) or the Hiram Bingham (VIP experience).
• From Aguas Calientes, take a 25-minute shuttle bus up to the Machu Picchu entrance, or hike 1.5 hours uphill.

There are several trekking routes to Machu Picchu for adventurous travelers who want to hike to Machu Picchu:

• Inca Trail (4 days) – The classic and most famous hike, with limited permits.
• Inca Trail (2 days) – A shorter version, with overnight in Aguas Calientes.
• Salkantay Trek (5 days) – A scenic and challenging alternative with snow-capped peaks and jungle trails.
• Inca Jungle Trek (3–4 days) – Combines biking, hiking, and ziplining and optional rafting
• Lares Trek (4 days) – Less crowded and more cultural hike, passing through traditional Andean villages.

Hikes to Machu Picchu: the Inca Trail

One of the most renowned routes to Machu Picchu is the traditional Inca Trail, spanning 43 km (26 miles) from the village of Ollantaytambo and typically taking four days to complete. This trek traverses subtropical jungles, tunnels, tropical flora, mist-shrouded vistas, and reaches the challenging altitude of 4,200 meters (13,780 ft.) at Warmiwañusca (Dead Woman’s Pass).

To embark on this iconic journey, it's advisable to book several months in advance. The Inca Trail permits a limited number of groups each day, and spots fill up rapidly, especially during the peak season from June to August. Note that the Inca Trail is closed for maintenance throughout February. You can only book through an agency.

Alternative routes to Machu Picchu include the two-day Inca Trail, the five-day Salkantay Trek, the four-day Lares Trek, or the three- or four-day Inca Jungle Trek.

Trains to Machu Picchu

If hiking isn't your preference or you have limited time, opt for a train tour and start your trip with a scenic train ride from Cusco or Ollantaytambo to Aguas Calientes. From there, you have the choice to either trek up to Machu Picchu (1.5 hours) or take a bus (20 minutes).

Aguas Calientes, also known as Machu Picchu Pueblo, is a charming small town nestled 400 meters below Machu Picchu itself. Serving as the final stop for all travelers heading to Machu Picchu, it offers a range of hostels, hotels, restaurants, and cafes. For those planning a two-day visit to catch the sunrise over Machu Picchu, Aguas Calientes provides ample accommodation options.

Best Time to Visit Machu Picchu

• Dry season (April to October): Ideal for clear skies and dry trails. May to September is considered the best time to visit.
• Wet season (November to March): Expect rain, especially in January and February. The Inca Trail closes in February for maintenance.

Tip: During the early in the morning or late in the afternoon it is easier to avoid the peak crowds: the time slots from 10.00 – 14.00 are more popular for people doing day tours, while the earlier and later time slots are great if you stay overnight in Aguas Calientes.

Weather at Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu has a subtropical highland climate — meaning it’s warm and humid during the day and cooler at night. Rain is more frequent from November to March.

• Daytime Temperatures: 15°C to 25°C (59°F to 77°F).
• Nighttime Temperatures: Can drop to 5°C (41°F).

Per month:

• May to September:
  
  • Average Day temperature: 18 – 22 °C.
  • No or hardly rain
  • Best trekking weather
• October – April:
  
  • Average Day temperature: 19 – 24°C.
  • More chance of rain
  • Lush and green (but wet)

Pack: layers, a rain poncho, comfortable walking shoes, sunblock, and mosquito repellent.

Highlights of Machu Picchu

• Intihuatana Stone – Believed to be a solar clock or ritual stone.
• Temple of the Sun – Used for astronomical observations. Showcases Inca engineering and religious
• Temple of the Three Windows – Stunning Inca stonework with panoramic views.
• Huayna Picchu – The steep mountain behind Machu Picchu with a limited number of permits (book in advance).
• Machu Picchu Mountain – Higher than Huayna Picchu with even grander vistas (also requires a separate ticket).
• Sacred Plaza: Central area with significant ceremonial structures.

Entrance Tickets to Machu Picchu (Circuits)

To manage visitor flow and preserve the site, Machu Picchu has implemented 3 main circuits, each with specific routes on June 1, 2024. Each entrance ticket is for a specific circuit. Circuit 2 tickets sell out first.

• Route 1A: Includes the classic viewpoint and a hike to Machu Picchu Mountain.
• Route 1B: Access to the upper terraces for panoramic views
• Route 1C: Hike to the Sun Gate (Inti Punku); available only during high season)
• Route 1D: Visit to the Inca Bridge; available only during high season.

• Route 2A: Comprehensive tour through the main urban and religious sectors.
• Route 2B: Similar to 2A but starts from a lower terrace.

• Route 3A: Includes a hike to Huayna Picchu Mountain)
• Route 3B: Focuses on the lower part of the citadel, including royal temples.
• Route 3C: Hike to the Great Cavern (Temple of the Moon); available only during high season.
• Route 3D: Hike to Huchuy Picchu; suitable for those seeking a shorter trek.

Each circuit offers a unique perspective of Machu Picchu. Visitors must choose one when purchasing tickets.

Important: Tickets must be purchased in advance. Availability is limited and often sells out, especially in high season (we recommend to book 3-4 months in advance, especially the more popular circuit 2 tickets; in lower season 1-2 month in advance).

Travel Tips for Visiting Machu Picchu

• Book your Machu Picchu Tour or Trek in advance (train tickets, entrance tickets, and hiking permits sell out fast).
• Acclimate in Cusco for at least 1-2 days before visiting to avoid altitude sickness if you go hiking (not necessary for a train tour).
• Stay in Aguas Calientes the night before for an early start (if you have an early morning ticket)
• Respect the rules: Drones, tripods, and walking sticks (without rubber tips) are not allowed.
• Travel light: Only small backpacks are permitted inside. You can store luggage next to the entrance.
• Pack Essentials: Bring sunscreen, insect repellent, water, and rain gear.
• Include a Guide: Enhance your experience with insights into the site's history and significance. Most tours and trek include a guided group or private tour.

History Machu Picchu

The Incas began construction around 1430 AD; the city had space for no more than 750 inhabitants complete with housing for servants, schools and temples for making sacrifices and preparing mummies. Nobody knows why Machu Picchu was built or why the exact location was chosen but the most popular theory is that it was an estate of the Inca emperor Pachacuti selected for its proximity to mountains with high religious significance in the Inca culture.

Machu Picchu was abandoned about 100 years later at the time of the Spanish conquest with construction still unfinished. The city was ‘rediscovered’ in 1911 by Yale professor Hiram Bingham; though others encountered the site before him, Bingham was the first to share his discovery with the world. Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historical Sanctuary in 1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site two years later. In a worldwide internet poll in 2007, it was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

Ready to visit Machu Picchu?

Whether you choose a classic Machu Picchu tour, embark on an epic Inca Trail trek, or take the scenic train ride, visiting Machu Picchu is an unforgettable experience. This majestic site is not just a destination — it’s a journey into the heart of Andean culture and history.

For more info and assistance, contact us.